According to Howard Jackson and Etienne Ze Amvela in their book "Words, meaning and vocabulary" LEXICOLOGY may be defined as the study of lexis, undestood as the stock of words in a given language. Lexicology deals not only with sinple words in all their aspecs but also with complex and compound words, the meaningful units of language. Lexicology relies on information derived from MORPHOLOGY, the study of the forms and their components, and SEMANTICS, the study of their meaninfs. A third field of particular interest in lexicological studies is ETYMOLOGY, the study of the origins of words. We should not confuse lexicology with LEXICOGRAPHY, the writing or compilation of dictionaries, which is a special technique rather than a level of language study.
THE WORD
WORD is an uninterrupted unit of structure consisting of one or more morphemes and it occurs in the structure of phrases. THE MORPHEMES are the ultimategrammatical constituents, the minimal meaningful units of language.Foe example, the different forms of the verb SPEAK, SPEAKS, SPEAKING, SPOKE, SPOKEN are separate words grammatically. Now we should understand the difference between lexical ans grammatical words. LEXICAL WORDS are nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. GRAMMATICAL WORDS are prepositions, articles, conjunctions, forms indicating number or tense. POLYSEMY refers to the situation where the same word has two or more different meanings. For example: BOARD 1. a long thin flat piece of cut wood. 2. a flat surface with patterns, used for playing a game on. 3. a flat piece of hard material used for putting food on. 4. the cost of meals. 5. a committee or association, as of company directors or gobernment officials, set up for a special responsibility.
HOMONYMY refers to a situation where we have two or more words with the same shape. In HOMONYMY we can differenciate HOMORGAPHS and HOMOPHONES. HOMOGRAPHS are the words with the same spelling but different meaning. For example: LEAD is a metal, LEAD is a dog's lead. HOMOPHONES are the words with different spelling but same pronunciation. For example: RIGHT and WRITE.
THE WORD
WORD is an uninterrupted unit of structure consisting of one or more morphemes and it occurs in the structure of phrases. THE MORPHEMES are the ultimategrammatical constituents, the minimal meaningful units of language.Foe example, the different forms of the verb SPEAK, SPEAKS, SPEAKING, SPOKE, SPOKEN are separate words grammatically. Now we should understand the difference between lexical ans grammatical words. LEXICAL WORDS are nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. GRAMMATICAL WORDS are prepositions, articles, conjunctions, forms indicating number or tense. POLYSEMY refers to the situation where the same word has two or more different meanings. For example: BOARD 1. a long thin flat piece of cut wood. 2. a flat surface with patterns, used for playing a game on. 3. a flat piece of hard material used for putting food on. 4. the cost of meals. 5. a committee or association, as of company directors or gobernment officials, set up for a special responsibility.
HOMONYMY refers to a situation where we have two or more words with the same shape. In HOMONYMY we can differenciate HOMORGAPHS and HOMOPHONES. HOMOGRAPHS are the words with the same spelling but different meaning. For example: LEAD is a metal, LEAD is a dog's lead. HOMOPHONES are the words with different spelling but same pronunciation. For example: RIGHT and WRITE.
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